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The 5-Why or Why-Why chart
The 5-Why method helps to identify the root cause of a problem by questioning the reasons given. It enables the peeling away of layers that can lead to the root cause through a process of questions by repeatedly asking the question ‘Why?’. This method can pictorially show the relationship between multiple potential causes.      Sources - 8D Training by Axsens bte.
This technique is used to brainstorm ideas by forming questions. It helps making sure the situation is fully described & understood. This tool helps fully describe a situation (problem, cause, solution…), an action plan, precisely analyze all its elements and gain a common understanding of them. Some authors add a sixt question “how”.
The 7 Quality Tools are Problem Solving Tools which can:
• Help to identify and prioritise problems quickly and more effectively.
• Assist the decision making process.
• Provide simple but powerful tools for use in continuous improvement activity.
• Provide a vehicle for communicating problems and resolutions throughout the business.
• Provide a way of extracting information from the data collected.
 This solving problem method is based upon PDCA (Plan, Do, Check, Act) philosophy. It is based on the following seven steps: S1-Defining the problem, S2-Collecting and analyzing relevant data, S3-Analyzing the causes, S4- Developing and implementing the solutions, S5- Evaluating the effect, S6- Standardization of solutions and finally S7- Lessons Learnt.
 Sources - “Collaborative problem solving within supply chains” by Juan Camilo Romero Bejarano. PhD Thesis. Full document available at http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr. - 8D Training by Axsens bte.
8-Disciplines and 9-Steps
They are a family of team-oriented methods for solving complex problems. They are widely used in industry as a mean for fixing chronic and recurring problems. The steps are: S1-Immediate containment of the problem, S2-Team identification, S3-Problem definition, S4-Containment of the symptoms, S5-Root causes analysis, S6-Corrective actions selection, S7-Corrective actions implementation and effectiveness verification, S8-Make change permanent and S9-Closure and recognition of the team. One of the major differences lies on the first step which is only present on the 9-Steps methodology.
8D-9S is a strong, formal and efficient methodology to:
- Analyze a problem and to identify root cause.
- Fix the issue and to implement the more efficient solution.
- Powerful: The solution is validated.
- Long term view: Elimination of the root cause.
- Reusable: Problem & solution documented.
Sources - “Collaborative problem solving within supply chains” by Juan Camilo Romero Bejarano. PhD Thesis. Full document available at http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr. - 8D Training by Axsens bte.
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